If you have a high risk of infection — from changing sex partners or because your regular partner might be infected — get tested again later in your pregnancy. Women and men at high risk. People who have multiple sex partners, who don't always use a condom or men who have sex with men should consider frequent chlamydia screening.
Other markers of high risk are current infection with another sexually transmitted infection and possible exposure to an STI through an infected partner. More Information Urinalysis. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references WHO guidelines for the treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis. World Health Organization. Accessed Jan. Cohen J, et al. Your gynecologist will most likely use a speculum to view your cervix. They will retrieve a sample from your cervix using a small swab, which will get sent to a lab.
Less commonly, a vaginal swab may be done. Studies suggest that vaginal swabs that women do themselves are just as accurate if not more than those done by healthcare professionals. That said, in most circumstances, a healthcare provider will recommend that they do the swab, whether endocervical or vaginal. If you are opting for a urine test, be sure to come to your healthcare professional's office with a full bladder.
Your healthcare provider will either ask you for a urine sample or collect a sample from inside the head of your penis using a small swab. This sample is then sent to a lab for analysis.
Not all practitioners perform urine tests for chlamydia. However, you should feel comfortable asking whether or not getting a urine test for chlamydia is an option.
You can also call your healthcare provider in advance to see if urine testing is available. Chlamydia testing is improving. Tests often come back within just a few hours, allowing rapid treatment of infections. Rectal swabs and oral swabs may also be considered for those who have receptive anal sex or unprotected oral sex. While neither rectal nor oral swabs are currently approved for the detection of chlamydia, research suggests that doing these extragenital tests is important.
In women in an urban setting in the United States, 3. Those under the age of 18 had the highest incidence of extragenital infection. It's currently recommended that sexually active women younger than 25 have yearly screening for chlamydia. This can be done at the same time as the yearly Pap smear. More frequent screening may be advisable for adolescents.
For women 25 and older , yearly screening should be done for those at an increased risk, such as those who have a new partner, multiple partners, or are with someone who has had an STD. Screening has been found to be very effective and to significantly lower the risk of a woman developing pelvic inflammatory disease PID , which can lead to infertility.
Men who have sex with men MSM should be screened at least annually both genital and rectal sites of exposure. For those with HIV or multiple partners, screening should be done every three to six months. Chlamydia increases the risk of becoming infected with HIV. While there aren't specific recommendations for heterosexual males , screening should be strongly considered. Roughly twice as many women as men are diagnosed with chlamydia, most likely due to inadequate testing of men.
Until guidelines are set, heterosexual men who are outside of a long-term monogamous relationship should request testing, preferably on an annual basis, and more often as needed. There are a number of reasons why healthcare providers fail to test for STDs and why you may need to initiate the discussion and request testing yourself. Even with screening guidelines in place, many cases go untested and undetected. Many shy away from such testing because of feelings that they will be judged for their sexual history.
Know that chlamydia is extremely common and found in people from all walks of life. It only takes one sexual encounter with one person who carries the bacteria to develop the infection.
If asking your healthcare practitioner for the test is hard for you, consider others' strategies for broaching the subject. And if you ask and don't like the response you get, consider finding a new healthcare professional. If you do have a positive test, it's important to talk to any sexual partners you've had in the past two months and suggest that they see a healthcare provider for testing and treatment. As with any form of lab tests, there is the potential for errors. Read more about treating chlamydia.
Don't delay getting tested if you think you might have chlamydia. Being diagnosed and treated as soon as possible will reduce your risk of developing any serious complications of chlamydia.
You can get a chlamydia test at any time — although you might be advised to repeat the test later on if you have it less than 2 weeks since you had sex because the infection might not always be found in the early stages. If you live in England, you're a woman under 25 and sexually active, it's recommended that you have a chlamydia test once a year, and when you have sex with new or casual partners.
If you live in England, you're a man under 25 and sexually active, it's recommended that you have a chlamydia test once a year if you are not using condoms with new or casual partners. If you have chlamydia, you may be offered another test 3 to 6 months after being treated.
Chlamydia is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection STI in Canada. Most tests use a sample of body fluid from the affected area. A chlamydia test is done on either a urine sample or fluid direct sample collected from the area of the body that is most likely to be infected.
If your chlamydia test is being done on a:. If a urine sample is collected for nucleic acid amplification testing such as PCR testing , do not urinate for 2 hours before the test. Do not wipe the genital area clean before urinating. Collect the first part of your urine stream, immediately as you begin urinating.
In a direct sample, a sample of body fluid is taken from the affected area. In adults, these areas may include the cervix , urethra , vagina, rectum, or eye. There is also a self-test for women to collect a sample from their vagina and bring it to the lab for testing. There is no discomfort in collecting a urine sample. Collecting a sample of fluid from the urethra, anus, or rectum may cause mild discomfort or pain.
Collecting a sample from the cervix may cause mild discomfort. Most women find that the procedure feels like a Pap test or pelvic examination. Some women feel some cramping when the speculum is inside the vagina. Collecting a sample from the eye is painless unless the eyelids have sores on them.
There is no chance for problems in collecting a urine sample. There is very little chance of problems when collecting a sample of fluid from the cervix, urethra, rectum, eyes, or throat. In rare cases, a person may suddenly get dizzy or feel faint called vasovagal syncope because of fear or pain when the swab is inserted into the urethra. No chlamydia antigens or DNA are found. If a culture is done, no chlamydia bacteria grow in the culture.
More tests for other sexually transmitted infections STIs may be needed to find the cause of symptoms. Chlamydia antigens or DNA are found.
If a culture is done, chlamydia bacteria grow in the culture.
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